Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry: personal Properties and Chemical Reactivity Summary of respond Types substitute Addition/reasoning by elimination oxidisation/ simplification Hydrolysis/ coalition Hydrocarbons alkanes/cycloalkanes alkenes alkynes aromatics Alcohols/Amines Ketones/Aldehydes Carboxylic Acids/Esters and Amides Polymers polyethylenes polyesters polypeptides Summary of response Types in Organic Chemistry rally in which one operable group is replaced by another - veritable(prenominal) of alkanes, alkyl radical halides and benzenes R-H R-X + + + X2 OH- R-X R-OH + + R HX X R-X AlX3 Addition/Elimination in which a minor(ip) molecule ( emblematicly X2, HX or H-OH) is added/eliminated - alkenes undergo Addition - almost alkyl halides and alcohols undergo Elimination H X + H X HX strong base + HX oxidation/ decrement in which the physique of bonds between carbon and oxygen is increase/ fall. Also, reactions in which the itemise of bonds between carbon and henry is decreased/increased.

alcohols, ketones/aldehydes and carboxylic acids buns be interchanged by Oxidation/ lessening reactions - - alkanes, alkenes and alkynes can be interchanged by Oxidation/Reduction reactions O R-CH2-OH O [H] R-C-OH [O] R-C-H O [H] R-C-H R-CH2-OH [O] R-C-OH O H H H H [O] H H [O] [H] H H [H] H H H H NOTE: [O] = oxidizing agent; [H] = decrease agent Hydrolysis/ muscle contraction in which the addition of H2O results in the bond partition or in which bond make-up results in the elimination of H2O - typical of ester and amide breakdown/formation O O O R O R + H2O R O OH + R-OH R NH-R + H2O R OH + R-NH2 O O OH R O + R-OH R O O-R + H2O R OH + R-NH2 R NH-R + H2O Alkanes and Cycloalkanes CnH2n+2 CnH2n chains/rings with tetrahedral (sp3 hybridized) carbons 109.5o = idle rotation nearly genius bonds (saturated with...If you want to get a full essay, outrank it on our website: Orderessay

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