Ionizing Radiation

Ionizing radiation is radiation composed of pieces that several(prenominal)istly can let go of an electron from an atom or molecule, producing ions, which be atoms or molecules with a net electric charge. These tend to be especially chemically reactive, and the reactivity produces the high biological damage caused per unit of ardour of ionizing radiation. The degree and nature of such ionization depends on the zip and type of the single elements composing the radiation, and less upon the radiation particle number. For example, if a non-ionizing type of radiation does non heat a bulk substance up to ionization temperature, even an bright flood of particles or particle-waves will not cause ionization. In such cases, each particle or particle-wave does not draw out abundant individual energy to be ionizing (an example is a high-powered radio or microwave beam, which will not ionize if it does not cause high temperatures). Conversely, even truly low-intensity radiat ion will ionize materials at low temperatures and powers, if the individual particles of radiation carry enough energy (e.g., a low-power roentgen ray beam). In general, particles or photons with energies above about 10 electron volts (eV) are considered ionizing, no matter what their intensity.

This particle-energy occurs in electromagnetic waves in the extreme ultraviolet and beyond, to include all of X-rays and da Gamma rays. surrender neutrons are able to cause many an(prenominal) nuclear reactions in a variety of substances no matter their energy, because in many substances they give rise to high-energy nuclear reactions, and these (or their products) loose enough energy to cause ionization. For this reason, free neutrons ! are ordinarily considered effectively ionizing radiation, at any energy (see neutron radiation). Examples of other ionizing particles are alpha particles, beta particles, and cosmic rays. The radiations cause ionization overdue to the energizing energy involved in the production of the individual particles, which inevitably...If you ask to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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